Internal-combustion motor



Patented May 18,1920.

H. M. HOLZE.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED ocr. I5; 1911.

NVENTOR.

BY M

ATTORNEYS.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HOMER M. HOLZE, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

. INTERNAL-COMBUSTION MOTOR.

Application filed October 15, 1917.

To all whom t may concern Be it known that I, HOMER M. HoLzii, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal- Combustion Motors, of which I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable others skilled in the art t0 which it appertains to make andA use the same.

The objects of the invention are to provide an improved means for obtaining the necessary compression of the charge in a two-cycle explosion engine whereby the. gas is delivered to the explosion chamber in a compressed condition, and substantially without waste.

The invention includes a main piston and an inner piston, reciprocable within the main piston, the main piston containing a chamber within which the full charge is first admitted, through inlet ports in the cylinder and main and inner piston Walls.

It includes a by-pass in the cylinder wall though which and through a second port in the main piston, the compressed charge is transmitted to the explosion end of the cylinder beyond the limits of the movement of the main piston, and it also includes an inner piston provided with a return port adapted to register with said bypass and with an inlet port in the main piston, to permit the passage of the charge there through when the main piston has passed the outlet extremity' of the aforesaid byiass. f l It further comprises the combination and arrangement of parts and construction of the various details hereinafter described shown in the accompanying drawings and specifically pointed out inthe claims.

In the accompanying drawings Figure l, is a vertical section of the device, showing the position of the pistons when the charge has been received-into the explosion end of the main piston and extreme compression has been accomplished. Fig. 2, is a similar view showing the position of the parts when the charge ispassing into the explosion end of the cylinder. Fig. 3 is a similar view showing the ports in the position they are in when the exhaust is taking place.

In these views A is the cylinder, B is the main piston, and C is an inner piston Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 18, 1920.

Serial No. 196,663.

reciprocable in the chamber D in the main piston. The main piston is providedwith an inlet port E, which, when it registers with an inlet port F in the cylinder wall as shown in Fig. l, admits the charge into the chamber D. Meanwhile the inner piston C has retired to uncover both of these ports, also the main piston at this time has risen so as to compress a previously drawn charge in the upper end of the cylinder, as shown in Fig. l.

The movements of the pistons are so timed that as the main piston falls the inner piston will rise until the lower end of a by-pass G, in the wall of the cylinder will register with an outlet port H in the wall of the main piston and with a return port I in the wall of the inner piston, thus permitting the charge compressed in the chamber D to flow automatically into the explosion end of the cylinder at X above the main piston, as shown in Fig. 2, after the exhaust port has been closed.

In this manner both main and -inner pistons serve as valves to control the inlet ports.

The exhaust port J is controlled wholly by the movements of the main piston, which moves still farther down after the explosion has taken place, which occurs immediately after the ports are .in the position shown in Fig. 3. The next position taken by the ports is that shown in Fig. 2, in which the charge is being forced into the explosion chamber; and the third position in which the final compression has taken place, and a new charge has been drawn into the inner piston is shown in Fig. l. The pistons may be operated by any convenient means and since there i.s no accumulation of gas in the crank chamber and no compression takes place therein, it need not be made airtight.

As shown, crank pins K and L operate the connecting rods M and N of the respective pistons, O is the crank shaft and P is the frame or bed of the engine.

The function of the return port I in the inner piston is to permit a full charge of gas to be forced into the main compression chamber X, after the exhaust port is closed, which will avoid the loss of the fresh gas through the exhaust port.

This action cannot be accomplished by the use of an imported inner piston and to accomplish this function th exhaust openioo ' tion of the shaft.

ing and inlet end of the by-pass must be arranged at different levels.

By means of the cooperative action of the inner and outer pistons the full charge of fresh gas is positively driven into the eX- plosion end of the cylinder at each revolu- And the volume of the gas and amount of previous compression is uniform at engine speeds.

Having described the invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is l, In lan internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder and a chambered main piston, of an inner piston reciprocatable within the main piston, said cylinder being provided with spaced inlet and exhaust ports controlled by the main piston, the cylinder being also provided with a by-pass leading to the explosion end of the cylinder, said main piston being provided with inlet and outlet ports alternately registering with the inlet port and the bypass in the said cylinder at opposite ends of the stroke of the main piston, and the said inner piston being provided with an outlet passage adapted to register with the said by-pass when the outlet port in the main ypiston is in register with the by-pass.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder provided intermediate oi its ends Vwith spaced inlet and exhaust ports, said cylinder having an independent'by-pass leading to the explosion end of the cylinder, a main chambered piston provided with inlet and outlet ports alternately registering with the inlet port and the said by-pass of the cylinder and an inner piston reciprocatable in said chainbered main piston and provided with a closed end and having an outlet passage communicating at one end with the said chamber of the main piston, the inlet port in the main piston registering with the inlet port in the cylinder when the pistons are most widely separated to permit the charge to flow into the chambere'd piston,

and the other end of the outlet passage in the inner piston registering with the bypass of the cylinder and the outlet port in the main piston when the said main piston has uncovered said by-pass, said pistons acting to close the inlet port and the bypass of the cylinder when the exhaust port of the latter is uncovered by the main piston.

3. 1n an internal combustion engine, the combination of a cylinder provided with spaced inlet and outlet ports and having a separate by-pass leading to the explosion end of the cylinder, a chambered piston provided with spaced inlet and outlet ports alternately registering with the inlet port and the 1oy-pass of the said cylinder, and an inner piston reciprocatable in the said chambered piston and having a closed head and provided with an outlet passage always in communication at one end with the said chamber oi' the chambered piston and having a lateral outlet at the other end register-ing with the outlet port in the said main piston and with the by-pass of the cylinder after the full charge has been taken into said chamber of' the main piston and compressed therein, said main piston being substantially movable to open said exhaust port and close the inlet port and by-pass of the cylinder `while the exhaust port is open.

l. In an explosion engine, lthe combination of a cylinder, a main piston having a compression chamber therein, an inner piston reciprocatable within the main piston, said main piston and cylinder being provided with inlet ports registering when said main piston is substantially at its upper limit of movement, said cylinder being provided with a by-pass leading above the main piston when the latter is at the lower limit of its movement and the said main piston and inner piston being provided with an outlet port and an outlet passage adapted to register with each other and with the bypass of the cylinder to permit the charge in the compression chamber to pass into the cylinder above the main piston after the inlet port of the cylinder is closed, said cylinder being provided with an exhaust port closed by the main piston when the bypass is uncovered.

5. In an explosion engine, the combination of a main piston provided with a chamber into which the charge is first introduced and compressed, an inner piston reversely reciprocatable in the chamber, said main piston and chamber being provided with inlet ports registering with each other at the time of greatest separation of the outer and inner pistons to permit the introduction of the charge into said chamber, said cylinder being also, provided with an exhaust port above the lower limit or" movement of the main piston and controlled by the latter, said cylinder being provided with a by-pass and the main piston having an outlet port and the said inner piston being provided with an outlet passage communicating at one end with the compression chamber, said by-pass, outlet port of the cylinder, and outlet passage of the inner piston registering with one another to permit the flow of the charge from the compression chamber into theexplosion end of the cylinder whenthe main piston has substantially covered and closed the exhaust port.

6. An explosion engine including a cylinder having an explosion chamber at one end and provided with an exhaust port. and an inlet port located at different distances from the explosion end of the cylinder,

the latter being also provided with a by'- pass passage, a main piston controlling the exhaust port and having a compression chamber and provided also with inlet and outlet ports arranged to register with the inlet port of the cylinder when the main piston is at the limit of its compression stroke and the outlet port of the main pist0n being arranged to register with the bypass after the exhaust port has been Closed by the main piston and an inner piston having a Closed head and arranged to uncover the said inlet port of the main piston when the said inner piston is at the limit of its inward or downward movement, said inner piston having an outlet passage communicating at one end with the compression chamber of the main piston and at the other end with the outlet port of the main piston and with the by-pass after the main piston has covered the exhaust port of the cylinder.

In testimony whereof I hereunto set my hand this 6 day of Oct., 1917.

HOMER M. HOLZE. In presence off S. W. SANGSTER, W. O. SEIFERT. 

